Understanding Root Canals
A root canal is a treatment used to save a tooth that has an infection or damage deep inside. Every tooth has a soft center called the pulp, which contains nerves and blood vessels that help keep the tooth healthy.
When this pulp gets infected—usually from a deep cavity, a cracked tooth, or an injury—it can cause pain, swelling, or sensitivity. If left untreated, the infection can spread and may lead to losing the tooth. A root canal removes the infected pulp, cleans the inside of the tooth, and seals it to stop future problems. This helps ease the pain and keeps your natural tooth in place.
When Do You Need a Root Canal?
Root canals are often needed when decay extends deep into the tooth and reaches the pulp. This can occur if a cavity is left untreated or if a crack or fracture exposes the inner tissue, allowing bacteria to enter. You may need a root canal if you experience:
- Persistent or intense toothache
- Discomfort when biting or applying pressure
- Lingering sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures
- Swelling or soreness around the gums
- Tooth discoloration or darkening
If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to visit the dentist as soon as possible.
Who Can Get a Root Canal?
To determine if a root canal is necessary, your dentist will examine the affected tooth and take X-rays to assess any pulp infection or damage. If the pulp is compromised, a root canal is typically the best option to relieve pain and preserve the tooth. This procedure is safe, routine, and highly effective at restoring comfort and preventing further complications.
What Happens During the Procedure?
The root canal procedure begins with local anesthesia to ensure you stay completely comfortable. A small dental dam is then placed around the tooth to keep it clean and dry during treatment.
Your dentist carefully removes any decay and accesses the infected pulp inside the tooth. The canals are then cleaned, disinfected, and filled with a special material to protect against future infection. Finally, the tooth is sealed with a filling.
In most cases, a crown is placed afterward to strengthen and restore the tooth’s natural shape and function. Though root canals may seem daunting, they are a safe, effective way to eliminate infection and preserve your natural tooth for many years.